Ghassan Al Mufleh
Part (1)
Ever since the United Nations adopted the Universal Declaration of Human Rights in 10.12.1948 (resolution 217A D3) there has been various interpretations of this treaty which has become a series of necessary laws in the countries of the modern world. Ever since the United Nations adopted the Universal Declaration of Human Rights in 10.12.1948 (resolution 217A D3) there has been various interpretations of this treaty which has become a series of necessary laws in the countries of the modern world. This treaty did not appear from void, but resulted from humanity’s long lasting struggles.
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We can proclaim that the declaration is a lucid legal abstraction of mankind’s historical and cultural experience in order to achieve legislations guaranteeing dignity, life, and freedom for all human beings. The Universal Declaration of Human Rights with its thirty pages and less than a thousand words is no longer merely a legal and constitutional achievement of mankind’s historical experience, but has become a cultural, moral, and legal ground for its institutions around the world and within each state.
In an unprecedented manner, anyone’s responsibility becomes the responsibility of mankind as a whole, an aspect that holds great significance in today’s global world. The declaration produced numerous international treaties and pacts regarding the rights of people, whether individuals, groups, nations, ethnicities, religions, sects, rich, or poor: civil, economic, political, and cultural rights, women’s and children’s rights, minorities and people’s rights to determine their destiny, workers’ rights to oppose the greed of employers… These legislations have become a pact that unites peoples in their freedom and their need for freedom regardless of color, race, religion, nation, and nationality.
It is a movement that cannot go backwards despite all the blood, captivity, poverty, tyranny, and all the different opposing forces it is facing. Thus, the hope that moves humans in seeking dignity and freedom motivates those who are fighting for freedom to offer sacrifice and suffer captivity in the prisons of oppressive regimes. Even though the present situation has evolved considerably after the fall of most totalitarian and tyrannical regimes in the world, a small number of such regimes still insist on either turning the wheel of history backwards or keep their gains without any regard to the human suffering it causes.
Unfortunately most of these regimes are in the Middle East this is why the material presented in this part reflects the role of the politician within legal preoccupations. The role of this politician is a result of the total tyranny of the regime which is spread over all layers of life in these States. In other words, it is the regime that controls all the rights and responsibilities of people, therefore any discussion of Syrian human rights has to pass through a discussion of the political situation in a State where the regime is under no rightful or legal obligations.
We will attempt a historical reading of the human rights situation in Syria based on the daily life of the Syrian individual. We will try to open the way for diverse readings of the historicity of human rights in Syria, and when we say historicity we do not mean its historicizing but the act of going into the world of the Syrian citizen which has never yet existed as a Syrian human being with rights; the main reason for this is the regime’s banning and appropriation of any right that does not regenerate its tyranny.
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